Developments in Biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Developments in Biology - Essay ExampleLater in 1953 Crick and Watson invented double helix model of DNA. RNA and DNA invention led to the comprehensive mind of human behavioral characteristics and appearance. The central dogma also helped in this regard. However the field of genetic engineering made outstanding achievements. Paul Berg and co-workers created the first recombinant DNA molecule (PNAS) in 1972.In 1977, Allan Maxam and Walter gigabyte at Harvard University and Frederick Sanger at the U.K. Medical Research Council (MRC) independently develop methods for sequencing DNA. The development of human genome project send packing be said to be the culmination of advances in the field of human genetics. In 1980, David Botstein, Ronald Davis, Mark Skolnick and diversify White proposed a method to map the entire human genome based on RFLPs which can be considered as the starting point of human genome project ideology.In 1984, MRC scientists decipher the complete DNA installment of the Epstein-Barr virus, 170 kb. Later in 1985, Kary Mullis and colleagues developed PCR, a technique to replicate vast amounts of DNA. In 1986, Leroy punk rock and Lloyd Smith of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and colleagues came up with the first automated DNA sequencing machine. In 1987, Helen Donis-Keller and colleagues at Collaborative Research Inc. published the first genetic map with 403 markers, sparking a fight over denotation and priority (Leslie Roberts, 2001). Similarly, in 1992, U.S. and French teams absolute genetic maps of mouse and human and mouse followed by the issuing of a complete genetic linkage map of the human genome. One more important purpose was in 1995, researchers at Whitehead published a physical map of the human genome containing 15,000 markers.Later in 1996, An international consortium publicly released the complete genome sequence of the yeast S. cerevisiae. Later Yoshihide Hayashizakis group at RIKEN completed the first set o f full-length mouse